Doctor outlines severe thrombosis risks and key prevention steps

Cardiologist Natalia Sumarga warned of the severe dangers of blood clots during a Radio Moldova interview, urging citizens to recognize risk factors and maintain cardiovascular health through regular physical mobility.

Thrombosis occurs when blood clots form inside veins or arteries, obstructing normal circulation and triggering critical medical complications. While blood clotting serves as an essential defense mechanism against external bleeding, clots that develop spontaneously within blood vessels can cause life-threatening blockages.

Mechanisms and triggers behind clot formation

“When we suffer an injury and bleed, our body forms a thrombus to seal the wound,” said Sumarga. “However, blood clots can also form inside the bloodstream without external trauma. Blood vessels can subsequently become blocked due to genetic predispositions or underlying conditions.”

The condition is divided into arterial and venous thrombosis, depending on where the obstruction occurs. Sumarga explained that venous thrombosis develops in the vessels responsible for returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

The underlying causes are multifactorial, arising from an imbalance between anticoagulation mechanisms and normal hemostasis.

“These triggers include hypercoagulability, also known as thrombophilia, which involves elevated levels of clotting factors,” said Sumarga. “This condition often stems from genetic factors or systemic immune disorders. Endothelial damage along blood vessel walls following trauma, surgery, or infection can also precipitate clot formation.”

Practical measures to prevent vascular complications

Effective prevention centers on maintaining an active lifestyle, smoking cessation, and weight management. Sumarga underscored the importance of avoiding extended periods of immobility, particularly during recovery or sedentary work.

“To prevent thrombosis, individuals must avoid prolonged bed rest and excessive sitting at work,” the cardiologist stressed. “Move your legs, avoid crossing your legs while seated, and mobilize as soon as possible after surgical procedures.”

For long-distance travel, specialists recommend frequent breaks to stretch and perform lower-limb exercises. Passengers on long flights should walk down the aisle every 90 to 120 minutes, while motorists should make regular roadside stops to walk around their vehicles. Travelers should also wear loose clothing, choose comfortable footwear, and maintain proper hydration.

Translation by Iurie Tataru

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Doctor outlines severe thrombosis risks and key prevention steps

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